Ron Charles looks for college radicals — er, kids reading radical books:

Here we have a generation of young adults away from home for the first time, free to enjoy the most experimental period of their lives, yet they’re choosing books like 13-year-old girls — or their parents. The only specter haunting the groves of American academe seems to be suburban contentment.

Where are the Germaine Greers, the Jerry Rubins, the Hunter Thompsons, the Richard Brautigans — those challenging, annoying, offensive, sometimes silly, always polemic authors whom young people used to adore to their parents’ dismay? [Abbie] Hoffman’s manual of disruption and discontent — “Steal This Book” — sold more than a quarter of a million copies when it appeared in 1971 and then jumped onto the paperback bestseller list. Even in the conservative 1950s, when Hemingway’s plane went down in Uganda, students wore black armbands till news came that the bad-boy novelist had survived. Could any author of fiction that has not inspired a set of Happy Meal toys elicit such collegiate mourning today? Could a radical book that speaks to young people ever rise up again if — to rip-off LSD aficionado Timothy Leary — they’ve turned on the computer, tuned in the iPod and dropped out of serious literature?

Gotta love that “13-year old girls” crack — because 13-year old boys, you know, they’re all reading Middlemarch. Is Steal This Book “serious literature” now? This whole schtick is some kind of weird fever dream, muddling nostalgias, a botched amalgam of Thomas Frank and Harold Bloom. It can’t quite make up its mind which version of cultural decay it wants to endorse.

Speaking from ground zero, kids are as hard up for reasonably radical social messages as ever — remember No Logo? Remember Fight Club? My students do. It wasn’t so long ago.

Ultimately, though, radical literature is only as strong as the social movements that nourish it. Malcolm X, Eldridge Cleaver, Hunter S. Thompson, and co. had lots of readers because Something Big was happening, people were organizing and doing things, living new ways and trying new politics, and other people wanted to know what it was all about. If people are tuning into the internet rather than books, or rather than the newspaper, or rather than television or anything else, it’s not least because it’s on the internet that they’re finding out all about what’s new. Which means that all of those other media begin to serve a slightly different function. I think escapist YA lit is stealing more of its audience from television and the movies than campus radicals, but that’s just my guess — which is apparently as good as Charles’s.

There are so many reasons to enjoy Maximum PC’s“Computer Data Storage Through the Ages — From Punch Cards to Blu-Ray,” but I like the way it relates the technologies to the broader culture. For instance:

Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, and magnetic tape all rose to prominence in the 1950s, and it was the latter that helped shape the recording industry. Magnetic tape also changed the computing landscape by making long-term storage of vasts amount of data possible. A single reel of the oxide coated half-inch tape could store as much information as 10,000 punch cards, and most commonly came in lengths measuring anywhere from 2400 to 4800 feet. The long length presented plenty of opportunities for tears and breaks, so in 1952, IBM devised bulky floor standing drives that made use of vacuum columns to buffer the nickel-plated bronze tape. This helped prevent the media from ripping as it sped and up and slowed down.

Likewise, audio quality of cassette tapes improved, “ushering in the era of boom boxes and parachute pants (thanks M.C. Hammer.” And “the floppy disk might one day go down as the only creature as resistant to extinction as the cockroach.” 

But my favorite digital storage media, hands-down, is paper tape:

Similar to punch cards, paper tape contained patterns of holes to represent recorded data. But unlike its rigid counterpart, rolls of paper tape could feed much more data in one continuous stream, and it was incredibly cheap to boot. The same couldn’t be said for the hardware involved. In 1966, HP introduced the 2753A Tape Punch, which boasted a blistering fast tape pinch speed of 120 characters per second and sold for $4,150. Yikes!

One thing I’ve always wondered about these early paper-based computer programs is whether they were copyrighted — and whether that, in part, led to the adoption of paper. One of Thomas Edison’s clever exploitations of copyright loopholes was to take celluloid moving pictures (which weren’t initially eligible for copyright) and copy them onto a long, continuous paper print — this meant that an entire feature film could be copyrighted as a single “photograph.”

I also wonder if/why early computer programmers didn’t use celluloid instead of paper. You can move it a lot faster than paper tape, and it’s generally stronger — except, perhaps, if you punch it with lots of little holes.

(Via Slashdot.)

Kottke reports that there’s a “Pepsi Natural” on the way to market — featuring cane sugar in lieu of corn syrup, and served in that most magnificent of beverage transportation devices, a solid glass bottle.

Needless to say, I approve of both of these retronovations. In fact, I make semi-regular trips to my local Mexican wholesaler to pick up soda served this way. But I’m strictly a Coca-Cola man. Let’s hope Coke follows Pepsi’s lead, and soon.

This is the part of the post where I quote Andy Warhol:

What’s great about this country is America started the tradition where the richest consumers buy essentially the same things as the poorest. You can be watching TV and see Coca-Cola, and you can know that the President drinks Coke, Liz Taylor drinks Coke, and just think, you can drink Coke, too. A Coke is a Coke and no amount of money can get you a better Coke than the one the bum on the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the same and all the Cokes are good.

Let’s make sugar cheap, corn expensive, and bring back those Cokes!

The incomparable Eileen Joy, on rebuilding modern ruins:

Some time yesterday afternoon, the six-story Cologne Archives, housing documents dating as far back as the tenth century, as well as the private papers of writers such as Karl Marx, Hegel, and Heinrich Böll, and also all of the minutes taken at Cologne town council meetings since 1376, collapsed as if hit by a missile, only there was no missile, but rather, some sort of structural flaw that caused the building to start cracking and tumbling down. Most visitors, plus some construction workers on the roof, were able to get out in time, although two or three persons may be buried underneath the rubble. Ironically, the Archives contained many documents that had been recuperated from library buildings destroyed by Allied bombing during the Second World War, and a small nuclear bomb-proof room that had been constructed in the basement to house the most rare materials was, at the time of the building’s collapse, only being used to store cleaning materials.

The moral of Paul Tough’s stellar Whatever It Takes might be that sixth grade is far too late to start instilling sound learning habits in a student who hasn’t had a good educational foundation. Geoffrey Canada’s quixotic quest to bring left-behind sixth-graders up to their grade level in reading and math is somewhat heartbreaking. He ends the book still hoping that it’s possible to accomplish, but I finished it much less optimistic.

But this Phawker series is a hellish look at what happens after we’ve stopped trying.

Amazon to Sell E-Books to Read on the iPhone and iPod Touch – NYTimes.com:

Starting Wednesday, owners of these Apple devices can download a free application, Kindle for iPhone and iPod Touch, from Apple’s App Store. The software will give them full access to the 240,000 e-books for sale on Amazon.com, which include a majority of best sellers.

The move comes a week after Amazon started shipping the updated version of its Kindle reading device. It signals that the company may be more interested in becoming the pre-eminent retailer of e-books than in being the top manufacturer of reading devices.

But Amazon said that it sees its Kindle reader and devices like the iPhone as complementary, and that people will use their mobile phones to read books only for short periods, such as while waiting in grocery store lines.

“We think the iPhone can be a great companion device for customers who are caught without their Kindle,” said Ian Freed, Amazon’s vice president in charge of the Kindle. [emphasis mine]

Mr. Freed said people would still turn to stand-alone reading devices like the $359 Kindle when they want to read digital books for hours at a time. He also said that the experience of using the new iPhone application might persuade people to buy a Kindle, which has much longer battery life than the iPhone and a screen better suited for reading.

I think is pretty cool, and can potentially benefit everybody — if reading e-books on the iPhone takes off, iTunes could make a play for the market. In the meantime, it might even help them sell some iPhones — for Apple, the money’s in the hardware. Meanwhile, Amazon gets to take a crack at a bunch of readers who can now read e-books on a device that, whatever its relative limitations for reading, is one they already own.

John Gruber has a short review of the app at Daring Fireball.

As the only Kindle-less Snarkmaster, let me say this: I’d really like a freeware Kindle Reader for my MacBook. I like to read to relax, sure; but I also like to read where I do my work (a good deal of which involves reading books). I’m sure whatever prohibitions you’d wind up having to put on the books (no cut-and-pasting?) would make the experience stink. But it is one I would be willing to accept.

Let me put forward this thesis. There will be a lot of portable digital reading devices in the near future: dedicated readers, phones and PDAs, digital paper that you can wad up and throw away, tiny projectors that can use any sufficiently bright surface. But the most important one is and will continue to be the laptop computer. People in the electronic reading business need to continue to think about how they can make that experience both better and sustainable.

And let me also advance thesis #2: Don’t let the race to greater portability convince you that this is the end of the game. We need software and hardware that take advantage of BIG reading surfaces — from the TV-sized screen in your kitchen or living room to Penn Station and the Library of Congress. We don’t all always read tucked away in our own private worlds, nor should we — sometimes reading needs to be a spectacle, on a big public wall, where you can always be dimly aware of it, where it can’t ever be fully ignored.

A fistful of education-related tabs that have been sitting in my RSS reader, waiting for me to say something insightful about them:

• The Library Web Site of the Future (Inside Higher Ed): “Several years ago academic institutions shifted control of their Web sites from technology wizards to marketing gurus. At the time there was backlash. The change in outlook was perceived as a corporate sellout, a philosophical transformation of the university Web site from candid campus snapshot to soulless advertiser of campus wares to those who would buy into the brand… I was one of the resisters. Now I think the marketing people got it right. The first thing librarians must do after ending the pretense that the library Web site succeeds in connecting people to content is understand how and why the institutional homepage has improved and what we can learn from it. Doing so will allow academic libraries to discover answers to that first question; how to create user community awareness about the electronic resources in which the institution heavily invests.” My thoughts: Isn’t it weird to have a portal at all? Why not something like Firefox’s Ubiquity, that just lets you type “pubmed liver cancer” to connect directly to the resource? (Note: part of the genius of Ubiquity is that it shows you what commands are possible! it is potentially more user-friendly than any drilldown portal.)
• To Keep Students, Colleges Cut Anything But Aid (New York Times): “The increases highlight the hand-to-mouth existence of many of the nation’s smaller and less well-known institutions. With only tiny endowments, they need full enrollment to survive, and they are anxious to prevent top students from going elsewhere. Falling even a few students short of expectations can mean laying off faculty, eliminating courses or shelving planned expansions. ‘The last thing colleges and universities are going to cut this year is financial aid,’ said Kathy Kurz, an enrollment consultant to colleges. ‘Most of them recognize that their discount rates are going to go up, but they’d rather have a discounted person in the seat than no one in the seat.'” My thoughts: It’s weird. If students don’t enroll, we’ll have to lay off faculty. So, in order to pay for an increased aid budget, we must lay off faculty.
• In Tough Times, Humanities Must Justify Their Worth (NYT): “As money tightens, the humanities may increasingly return to being what they were at the beginning of the last century, when only a minuscule portion of the population attended college: namely, the province of the wealthy. That may be unfortunate but inevitable, Mr. Kronman said. The essence of a humanities education — reading the great literary and philosophical works and coming ‘to grips with the question of what living is for’ — may become ‘a great luxury that many cannot afford.'” My thoughts: Boooooo. This article, like its retrograde view of what the humanities are about, stinks.
• See Also: Siamese Twins (Wyatt Mason/Harpers): “Fowler’s Modern English Usage, in any of its incarnations, is pure pleasure. There’s doubtless a medicinal value to its entries, but they entertain so deeply and purely that it all goes down very sweetly. Over the years, I’m sure I’ve read it more for pleasure than with purpose, less in the hope of resolving a confusion over ‘pleonasm’ than to discover that ‘pleonasm’ was something at all. Where the New Oxford American Dictionary defines the term as ‘the use of more words than are necessary to convey meaning, either as a fault of style or for emphasis,’ Fowler’s offers a little lesson.” My thoughts: I love this.
• Collective Graduate School Action (The Economist): “If you’re going to go back to school, now is the time to do it. Not only is the opportunity cost of the time spent extremely low — wages aren’t likely to rise any time soon, and there may not be a job available anyway — but so to is the opportunity cost of the money invested. What, you’d rather have that tuition sitting in the market right now? Or in a home?” My thoughts: Clearly, it depends on the school and your goals. But not everyone should listen to that siren song. I entered graduate school during the last Big Recession. Now I’m leaving during the next Great Depression. There are no sure-fire ways to ride these out — and a dissertation can be as much an anchor as a lifeboat.
  

Sarah Werner at Wynken de Worde:

Where are the antiquaries of yesteryear? Do they now collect twentieth century pulp fiction? Classic sci-fi? Modernist design magazines? Is it too expensive to collect earlier works? Are collectors and antiquaries the same thing, anyway?

Part of a longer, typically smart post about amateur scholars’ access to materials — particularly those electronic databases for which colleges and universities pay through the nose. Vive Digital Humanism!

Jonathan Hoefler on the beauty of collage: Vaughan Oliver (designer for The Pixies et al.), Shinro Ohtake, Eduardo Recife, Chip Kidd, and more.

Above: Joseph Cornell, Untitled Collage.

Andrew Blauvelt, at Design Observer:

The mutual dependency of city and suburb is both physical and psychological. City dwellers and suburbanites need each other to reinforce their own sense of place and identity despite ample evidence that what we once thought were different places and lifestyles are increasingly intertwined and much less distinct.

The revenge of the suburb on the city wasn’t simply the depletion of its urban population or the exodus of its retailers and office workers, but rather the importation of suburbia into the heart of the city: chain stores and restaurants, downtown malls, and even detached housing. If the gift of urban planners to suburbia was the tenets of the New Urbanism, it has been re-gifted, returned to cities not as tips for close-knit communities but as recipes for ever more intensive consumer experiences.

Suburbia has returned to the city just as most suburbs are experiencing many of the things about city life it sought to escape, both positive and negative: congestion, crime, poverty, racial and ethnic diversity, cultural amenities, and retail diversity. At the same time, cities have taken on qualities of the suburbs that are perceived as both good and bad, such as the introduction of big box retailing, urban shopping malls, and reverse suburban migration by empty nesters, who return to the city to enjoy the kind of life they lived before they had kids to raise.

For every downtown Olive Garden there is an Asian-fusion restaurant opening in a strip mall; for every derelict downtown warehouse there is an empty suburban office building waiting to be converted into lofts; the Mall of America is the largest shopping center in the country, but SoHo may be the nation’s largest retail neighborhood; and everywhere we have Starbucks.

Blauvelt’s exhibit on suburbia, Worlds Away: New Suburban Landscapes, is at the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis — in the Target Gallery. Where else?